As prices rise and supply chains grow more complex, companies face increasing pressure to reduce costs without hurting the customer experience. Because of this, effective procurement strategies are more valuable than ever and must go beyond just securing the right goods and services at the best possible prices. Business leaders must align their procurement strategies with big-picture, long-term goals by carefully monitoring market conditions and adapting quickly when necessary. The stakes are high, as poor procurement practices can lead to missed opportunities, wasted resources and, ultimately, a weaker bottom line.
By taking a strategic, data-driven approach to procurement, known as category management, businesses can address these challenges and optimize their expenditures, strengthen supplier relationships, and unlock significant value. This article explains the key principles and components of a comprehensive category management strategy and explores how businesses can leverage this practice to drive long-term success that starts with procurement and ends with satisfied customers and healthy profit margins.
What Is Category Management?
Category management is a strategic approach to procurement where goods and services are organized into distinct groups. This segmentation allows businesses to take a more comprehensive view of their spending within each category and identify opportunities to improve procurement processes. Category management emphasizes a strategic, long-term perspective that aligns procurement activities with broader business objectives, rather than short-term, transactional thinking.
Businesses can implement category management to increase the value obtained from their procurement spending while minimizing risk and reducing costs. By leveraging data and market intelligence and working closely with their sales and marketing departments, procurement teams can tailor unique strategies for each category of goods they sell. This creates a more comprehensive view of their supply chains, including obtaining and storing materials, as well as detailing how businesses will use these materials to create sellable goods and services. Additionally, understanding and adopting category management principles and best practices helps business leaders make well-informed decisions on pricing, marketing, and product lines that grant them the ability to stay ahead of the competition and deliver for customers.
Key Takeaways
- Category management is a strategic approach to procurement that organizes goods and services into distinct groups. This allows businesses to optimize spending, improve supplier relationships, and better serve customers.
- A robust category management plan requires setting clear goals, developing strategic sourcing and vendor partnerships, leveraging data analytics, and monitoring performance.
- By adopting category management best practices, companies can unlock cost savings, improve efficiency, and gain a competitive edge.
Category Management Explained
Category management is about taking a customer-centric approach to procurement by viewing a business’s purchases as pieces of a whole, rather than as individual transactions. By organizing goods and services into groups, businesses can better understand the unique needs and characteristics of each category, developing targeted strategies that both reduce costs and enhance customer satisfaction. This involves analyzing spend data, conducting market research, and collaborating with suppliers to identify inefficiencies and opportunities for innovation. These improvements help organizations make sure they’re delivering the right products and services at the right time and at the right price.
By consolidating expenses within categories, companies can leverage their buying power to negotiate better terms and pricing with suppliers. For example, a company might use spending data to see that it’s purchasing similar products from multiple suppliers at varying prices. By consolidating these purchases, it may earn bulk discounts to reduce costs without compromising quality. This can result in significant savings. According to McKinsey’s analysis of 140 publicly traded global distributors, even a 1% improvement in the cost of goods sold increases EBITDA by an average of more than 18%. Through effective category management, businesses can also standardize specifications for their supply orders, which, in turn, reduces complexity, improves quality control, and gives customers a more consistent product. And by regularly monitoring performance and adjusting category classifications, companies can continually fine-tune their procurement strategies and maintain a more agile operation, even in the face of slowdowns, shortages and economic volatility.
Understanding Procurement Categories
Before categorizing goods and supplies, businesses must first understand their sorting criteria. Segmenting purchases allows businesses to take a more tailored approach to procurement and ensure that their processes align with overall spending objectives.
Typically, purchases are first sorted into two broad categories: direct spending and indirect spending.
- Direct spending sources: Direct spending includes all purchases that are directly involved in producing a company’s final product or service, such as raw materials and components. For example, a furniture manufacturer’s direct spending would include purchases of wood, fabric, and hardware used to create its products. Through efficient management of direct spending, businesses can ensure high product quality, reliably maintain a flow of goods, and control production costs.
- Indirect spending sources: Indirect spending supports a company’s operations but isn’t directly tied to producing goods or providing services. This includes office supplies, travel, professional services, marketing costs, and other administrative expenses. While indirect spending categories may not directly impact the final product, they can significantly affect a company’s bottom line. Therefore, indirect spending sources should be monitored carefully and adjusted to reduce administrative costs and improve operational efficiency.
Differentiating Category Management and Strategic Sourcing
While category management and strategic sourcing are both important aspects of supply chain management, they serve distinct purposes. Having a clear understanding of the two approaches helps business leaders better manage their procurement operations. Strategic sourcing is a project-based initiative that focuses on identifying suppliers that provide the best value for the business. This value can come in the form of lower prices, higher quality, or other criteria that align with a business’s values, such as its environmental footprint.
In contrast, category management takes a bigger-picture approach to procurement, focusing on the ongoing management and improvement of entire spending categories. Category management goes beyond individual supplier relationships to consider factors such as market trends and organizationwide strategies.
Despite their differences, category management and strategic sourcing are complementary processes that together increase value and efficiency in procurement operations. For example, a manufacturer can use strategic sourcing methods to identify the most cost-effective supplier for a specific component and category management to analyze the entire component category and consolidate purchases with that single supplier to earn bulk discounts.
Essential Components of Category Management
While every business has unique challenges, most category management strategies share common components. These elements form the foundation of a successful category management process upon which businesses can integrate more specific strategies based on factors such as company size, industry, and unique business requirements. Here are five key components, explored through a fictional restaurant chain’s fresh produce procurement process.
Essential Components of Category Management | |
---|---|
Defined category scope | Clearly outline the products, services, and expenses within each category. |
Strategic sourcing strategies | Identify and partner with suppliers that deliver the most value and align with business goals. |
Effective supplier relationship management | Foster collaborative and mutually beneficial relationships with key suppliers. |
Data analysis and insight generation | Leverage data and analytics tools to gain insights into performance, market trends, and demand. |
Performance measurement and optimization | Set clear performance goals, monitor progress, and continually adapt strategies. |
1. Defined category scope
To clearly define their category scope, businesses analyze their products and/or services and group together those with similar characteristics, such as functionality, end use, or supplier base. This segmentation allows businesses to gain a deeper understanding of their supply needs, informing targeted strategies to streamline resource acquisition and allocation. Our fictitious restaurant chain, for example, defines a fresh vegetables category as one that includes lettuce, broccoli, and other vegetables based on their similar sourcing and use.
2. Strategic sourcing strategies
Strategic sourcing requires a thorough understanding of available suppliers as well as the ability to negotiate favorable contracts and build long-term relationships with vendors. This understanding demands a comprehensive evaluation of suppliers’ offerings, typically gained through market research, peer reviews/referrals, and direct vendor contact. Additionally, companies should frequently assess their suppliers to maintain accurate inventory and category counts, high quality standards, and the flexibility to seize better offers and innovations as they arise. Our restaurant chain, for instance, uses strategic sourcing to find and partner with local farmers that sell high-quality, sustainably grown produce at competitive prices. Having nearby suppliers also helps ensure reliable delivery and adherence to local food safety standards.
3. Effective supplier relationship management (SRM)
To maintain strong supplier relationships, businesses should regularly communicate and collaborate with their vendors to set performance expectations and identify opportunities for both parties to improve. This open communication helps mitigate supply chain risks and can lead to discounts and preferential treatment, including better credit terms and advanced warnings of disruptions or shortages. The hypothetical restaurant chain uses SRM software to assess inventory quality by category and collaborate on seasonal menus that highlight produce from specific vendors, increasing brand synergy and awareness for all parties.
4. Data analysis and insight generation
By collecting and analyzing high-quality data, businesses can gain insights into key aspects of category management, such as spend patterns, market trends, and evolving customer demand. Managers and stakeholders can then leverage these insights—often provided by business platforms with sophisticated data tools, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems—to make informed decisions on pricing, inventory levels, production schedules, and more. For instance, our restaurant chain regularly analyzes its seasonal purchases in each category to track changes to ingredient costs before pivoting to new menus, recipes, and prices.
5. Performance measurement and optimization strategies
Category management is not a “set it and forget it” strategy; it must be rigorously monitored and adjusted to track successes, address weaknesses, and adapt to changing market forces. This involves setting clear key performance indicators (KPIs), regularly monitoring progress, and adjusting strategies as needed. Through continuous improvement, companies can stay agile and ahead of the competition, even during periods of supply chain disruptions or rising prices. To stay competitive, our restaurant chain uses its ERP system to monitor industry-specific KPIs in real time, including cost-per-serving and inventory turnover rates, to measure the success of its category management efforts and inform future produce procurement strategies.
The 4 Ps Framework in Category Management
The 4 Ps framework—product, price, placement, and promotions—is a comprehensive approach that helps decision-makers develop a cohesive category management strategy that goes beyond procurement all the way to pricing and effectively promoting final products. Let’s explore how each of these components contributes to successful category management and helps businesses make the most of their materials.
- Product: By choosing the right product mix, businesses can meet customer demand and drive growth in targeted categories. As demand and customer preferences evolve, companies should regularly assess and update their product offerings, considering factors that their customers value, such as quality, innovation, and sustainability. For example, a grocery store may analyze sales data and customer feedback before sourcing ingredients for a new organic category to better align itself with shifting consumer preferences.
- Price: A strategic pricing approach helps businesses balance profitability with competitiveness through factors such as cost structure, market positioning, and customer price sensitivity. A fashion retailer, for instance, can implement dynamic pricing strategies for seasonal clothing that uses specific material categories, such as a winter wool collection. Then, it can adjust prices on the basis of demand and inventory levels, maximizing margins on trendy items while maintaining stable prices for year-round goods.
- Placement: Product placement influences visibility, accessibility, and the customer experience. Category managers must strategically organize their store layouts and shelf positioning to create seamless shopping experiences that encourage additional sales and return visits. For example, electronics stores often group products on the showroom floor based on brand or other industry-specific characteristics, such as operating system, battery type, cable compatibility, or function, to encourage cross-selling and help customers find complementary items.
- Promotions: Promotional campaigns allow businesses to target product categories to specific customer segments, increasing both new customer sales and the average cart size for established customers. A home improvement store, for example, might run a seasonal promotion every summer for its outdoor power equipment category. It offers discounts, bundled deals, and educational content to encourage customers to tackle their landscaping projects and drive sales within this category.
Benefits of Implementing Category Management
A well-structured category management strategy offers numerous advantages that reach beyond the procurement department to improve operations, costs, and performance companywide.
- Consolidation: By consolidating expenses within categories, businesses can leverage their buying power to gain better terms, prices, and fringe benefits, such as additional services or attention from suppliers. This consolidation also streamlines supplier management, reducing costs and the administrative burden on staff. After consolidating its office supplies purchases across departments, for example, one company reduced costs by minimizing orders and unlocking high-volume discounts. According to McKinsey & Co., better supplier segmentation can raise margins on addressable expenditure categories by up to 20%.
- Spend management and enhanced visibility: Businesses use category management practices to create a more structured way to analyze and manage spend data. This organized approach increases inventory visibility, which allows decision-makers to identify savings opportunities and rein in runaway costs. By sorting spending into categories, businesses can better allocate resources and align procurement policies with budgets and internal rules. For instance, a manufacturing company can use spend analysis tools to create more realistic supply budgets for each category, unlocking more accurate financial forecasts, revenue projections, and capital needs for the company as a whole.
- Supplier relationships: Category management fosters closer collaboration and strategic partnerships with key suppliers, especially in the early stages of the procurement process. By involving suppliers in relevant and category-appropriate product development, businesses can work with their vendors on long-term strategies to reduce waste and improve quality and reliability. For example, a retailer can work closely with its suppliers to develop exclusive product lines that use specific, customer-preferred material categories to minimize unsold and returned stock.
- End-user satisfaction: By aligning procurement and inventory processes with end-user needs and preferences, category management helps ensure that the right products and services are available for customers, when and where they need them. For instance, an IT department can work with its company’s procurement team to select software and hardware solutions that meet the specific requirements of the different departments it services.
- Risk management and governance: Effective category management includes strong risk management practices, such as supplier due diligence, performance monitoring, and contingency planning for each category of goods and materials. Businesses can take a proactive approach to identifying and mitigating supply chain risks through redundancies and backup vendors in each of their supply categories, which facilitates continuity and protects brand reputation. Additionally, category management promotes good governance by ensuring compliance with category-specific policies, regulations, and ethical standards, such as a hospital making sure all personal protective equipment and treatment materials meet standards.
- Insights into category performance: Category management provides a framework for measuring and analyzing performance through category-targeted KPIs and benchmarks. These insights help businesses identify which categories are meeting cost and inventory expectations and which need adjustment. A facilities management team, for example, can establish a set of KPIs for its maintenance and repair category that track inventory turnover and stockout frequency. The team can then use this data to optimize its ordering process, preventing clutter or downtime while staff waits for proper parts to arrive.
- Stronger sales: By leveraging customer and market trends data, businesses can prioritize specific categories when developing product assortment, pricing, and promotional strategies to drive sales. Effective category management allows companies to identify cross-selling and upselling opportunities, and it informs targeted marketing campaigns. For instance, a supermarket chain can analyze customer purchase patterns to create personalized offers and attractive product bundles, such as pairing chips and dips to increase sales in the snacks category.
- Better margins: Category management allows businesses to systematically identify and implement cost-saving measures across the product life cycle. Through category analyses, businesses can make sure they’re ordering the right raw materials for all the functions necessary to meet demand. This eliminates redundant or unnecessary supply orders and, therefore, improves the bottom line. For example, a construction firm can work with suppliers to obtain exact product specifications for each job category to curtail waste and delays due to receiving incorrect components.
- Procurement efficiency: Category management streamlines procurement processes by establishing clear roles, responsibilities and workflows for each type of product. By standardizing processes, automating routine tasks and adopting product-specific best practices, businesses can reduce cycle times, minimize errors, and free up staff and resources for other tasks. For instance, a global corporation can use a category framework to implement digital procurement platforms that simplify requisitioning, approvals, and invoice processing for all departments, reducing the time needed to replenish stock reserves and fulfill orders.
- Continuous improvement and innovation: Category management promotes a culture of continuous improvement and innovation by encouraging collaborative problem-solving and knowledge-sharing, allowing businesses to adapt to new trends and stay ahead of the competition. For example, a technology company can establish a category council and task it with identifying potentially disruptive issues specific to its industry and piloting solutions.
Navigating Challenges in Category Management
While category management can increase a business’s operational efficiency, managers must navigate a number of challenges—some of them far-reaching—ranging from data management complexities to organizational resistance from employees. By understanding and proactively addressing the challenges outlined below, businesses can unlock the full potential of category management.
- Data management complexity: Category management requires robust information protocols to organize and analyze complex data sets throughout a company. To handle this challenge, businesses often rely on digital tools that collect, integrate and analyze data in real time. For example, a company can leverage its ERP system to create a centralized data warehouse that consolidates spend data from various departments, providing a unified view for category management decision-making.
- Organizational alignment: Aligning procurement operations across business units takes effort. Managers must foster cross-functional collaboration to establish clear roles, responsibilities, and goals for each stakeholder group and set responsibilities, benchmarks, and accountability measures. For instance, many companies establish a category council that brings together representatives from procurement, finance, and sales departments to develop and execute comprehensive, companywide strategies.
- Diverse procurement categories: Procurement categories often have unique characteristics and, therefore, require targeted and diverse management strategies. To navigate this complexity, companies can adopt a structured approach to segmenting and prioritizing categories, focusing their efforts on high-impact or high-complexity categories. For example, a manufacturing company can prioritize its direct materials categories based on cost and strategic importance, allocating resources and expertise accordingly. This compartmentalization can help businesses identify and eliminate categories that, for example, have a low return on investment.
- Market changes: Keeping up with dynamic market conditions, such as fluctuating raw material prices, supply chain disruptions, and evolving customer preferences, is no easy task. Businesses should continually monitor market trends for each procurement category and develop category-focused contingency plans. For instance, a food and beverage company can regularly assess the impact of commodity price fluctuations on its key ingredient categories and adjust prices, pivot to a new supplier, or explore substitute ingredients, if necessary, to maintain product quality without reducing margins.
- Resistance to change: Implementing category management often requires significant overhauls of processes, roles, and mindsets, which can lead to internal resistance. To ease this transition, businesses should be transparent about timelines and new protocols. This top-down approach allows decision-makers and direct supervisors to clearly communicate to employees the expected benefits of category management, provide training and support, and celebrate early achievements and successes. For example, a company may launch a pilot category management initiative in a specific business unit to demonstrate the approach’s value to other departments before rolling out the practice companywide.
- Measuring performance effectively: Given category management’s potpourri of categories and objectives, defining the right performance metrics can be a challenge. To gain an accurate picture, businesses should establish a balanced set of KPIs based on their overall category management goals and that includes both financial and nonfinancial metrics. For instance, a company can use an ERP dashboard to track key metrics, such as gross profit margin, supplier performance, and product availability, for each category, so business leaders can monitor progress and identify issues before they significantly impact customer satisfaction or the bottom line.
- Integration of technology and tools: Businesses must select the right technologies to meet their specific category needs. Decision-makers should evaluate potential tools for functionality, scalability, and ease of integration, as well as their ability to meet budgetary restrictions. For example, a geographically dispersed company can implement a cloud-based sourcing platform to streamline ordering processes, facilitate supplier collaboration, and provide real-time category analytics to decision-makers across locations.
- Balancing cost reduction with value creation: Focusing solely on price can lead to missed opportunities for value creation or long-term savings. Therefore, businesses should adopt a total cost analysis approach when assessing new category management strategies. This approach considers certain factors, such as quality, innovation, and risk, and compares them to total costs—not just their upfront price tags, but training and implementation expenses as well. For instance, a company can work with strategic suppliers to identify new materials that improve product performance and customer satisfaction as well as reduce waste. Even an initial increase in price for these quality materials can promote long-term higher margins and profitability due to creating premium goods for which customers are willing to pay more.
7 Key Considerations When Choosing Category Management Software
Businesses have many options when choosing category management software, starting with the initial selection and ending with customizing their chosen platform with specific features and modules. By focusing on the following key considerations, companies can be sure to select a software solution that will support their category management strategies today and into the future.
- Essential features: Category management software typically offers a comprehensive set of features that support the entire category management lifecycle, including spend analysis, supplier and contract management, quality control metrics, and performance tracking. The software should also accommodate industry-specific requirements, such as shelf-life tracking for grocery retailers.
- Automation for enhanced efficiency: Automation can significantly improve efficiency and reduce manual effort. Automated workflows, data capture, and reporting features can streamline processes and minimize errors, especially for tedious and time-consuming tasks, such as onboarding suppliers, generating contracts, and linking purchase orders with invoices and deliveries.
- Step-by-step guidance in operational processes: Modern category management software can do more than manage operations and collect data. It can offer forward-looking advice, including step-by-step guidance, actionable suggestions, and current best practices. This information helps businesses adopt proven methodologies and ensures consistency, particularly for companies adopting category management methods for the first time.
- Real-time monitoring and analytical capabilities: Decision-makers leverage their systems’ monitoring and advanced analytics tools through real-time dashboards, customizable reports and data visualizations. These features help businesses gain a deeper understanding of category management operations, empowering them to proactively address issues through data-driven decision-making, rather than having to play catch-up with outdated and backward-facing information.
- Precise execution: Effective category management software provides tools for collaborative planning, task assignment, and tracking progress. Businesses should choose solutions with features that directly support the way they manage projects and workflows. A manufacturer that prioritizes sustainability, for example, may opt for a system with material traceability capability to demonstrate its commitment to sustainable sourcing practices to customers.
- Seamless integration across systems: When choosing a new system for category management, businesses should think about whether it will be supplementing or replacing existing systems. Unless a business is planning a complete overhaul, it should consider the challenges and costs of integrating any new software with existing systems, such as IT infrastructure, financial systems, supplier portals, and any other internal systems the company relies on. Proper integration helps ease the transition burden on staff and ensures data consistency to prevent important information, such as pending orders and customer accounts, from being lost in the transition.
- AI for advanced insights: Many modern business platforms leverage artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning capabilities to uncover patterns and predict future trends. These systems can analyze massive historical data sets and market intelligence faster and more accurately than human analysts. This helps businesses home in on category criteria, cost-saving opportunities, and optimal sourcing strategies.
7 Steps for Developing a Robust Category Management Plan
The following seven steps can help businesses develop a comprehensive category management plan, as illustrated through a running example of a hypothetical textile manufacturer, ABC Fabrics.
- Requirements assessment: First, conduct a thorough assessment of current procurement practices and pinpoint where results are falling short of expectations. This involves identifying areas for improvement and engaging with stakeholders to fully understand their requirements before trying to set realistic expectations and timelines. ABC Fabrics first assesses its procurement processes and identifies a need to reduce raw material costs for its high-performance athletic-wear division.
- Spend analysis: Once procurement goals are set, businesses can analyze their current operations to establish a performance baseline. This involves collecting spend data, classifying it into meaningful categories and conducting a thorough analysis to uncover patterns and potential areas for cost reduction. After analyzing its spend data, ABC Fabrics identifies polyester and spandex as high-expense categories, triggering a supplier consolidation strategy to increase margins for products made with those materials.
- Category segmentation and prioritization: Once the spend analysis is complete, companies can segment their procurement costs into more specific categories, such as materials used, customer buying patterns, and strategic importance. Businesses often prioritize category improvement strategies on the basis of their potential for cost savings, risk levels, and overall business value. ABC Fabrics prioritizes maintaining its high-demand categories—moisture-wicking fabrics and high-strength elastics—to appeal to its most loyal customers.
- Strategy formulation: With categories segmented and prioritized, the next step is to develop specific strategies for each prioritized category. To do this, decision-makers must consider forecasted demand, supplier relationships, and risk mitigation, among other factors. This is often achieved through collaboration with cross-functional teams to align category strategies across the business. To reduce the costs of producing athletic wear without affecting quality, for example, ABC Fabrics pursues partnerships with leading fabric suppliers to consolidate orders and reduce procurement costs.
- Implementation and execution: Now it’s time for the business to put its category management plan into action. This involves assigning clear responsibilities, setting benchmarks, and allocating resources properly. In our example, ABC Fabrics implements a new supplier portal and management system to enhance vendor collaboration for its targeted athletic-wear categories.
- Monitor and review performance: By continuously monitoring performance using metrics and KPIs, category managers can see where the plan is working and where they need to adjust. This way, businesses can remain competitive, even in the face of changing market conditions. With its new supplier management system, ABC Fabrics can now monitor the quality and timeliness of deliveries, as well as track KPIs, such as cost savings and inventory turnover, after consolidating suppliers. This gives managers the visibility they need to monitor and improve the category management strategy and quickly readjust if shutdowns or disruptions occur.
- Continuous improvement: Once strategies are set and results are monitored, companies should focus on fostering a culture of continuous improvement. Through market research and adoption of new technology and best practices, businesses can ensure that they continue delivering for their customers, even as demand, costs, and prices fluctuate. To maintain—and potentially expand—its market share, ABC Fabrics establishes a category management team to seek out ongoing process improvements and expand successful best practices from its athletic-wear division across the company.
Enhance Your Category Management Strategy With NetSuite Inventory Management
Effective category management can spell the difference between a highly profitable business and one with shrinking margins, especially in times of rising costs and supply chain disruptions. NetSuite Inventory Management is a comprehensive solution for businesses seeking to implement a full-blown category management strategy. With features such as real-time inventory tracking, automated replenishment, and advanced reporting capabilities, NetSuite enables organizations to easily track inventory levels, monitor supplier performance, and make decisions based on up-to-date and accurate data.
With NetSuite Inventory Management, category managers can speed up orders and decrease costs by reducing stockouts, minimizing excess inventory, and improving order fulfillment rates. Additionally, NetSuite’s cloud-based platform can be integrated into an ERP or other business system to unlock collaboration across departments and locations, ensuring that all stakeholders have access to the same up-to-date information, wherever they’re working.

Category management allows businesses to enhance their procurement processes to reduce costs and better serve their customers. A comprehensive plan typically includes setting clear objectives, fostering supplier relationships, and leveraging digital tools to gain data-driven insights. When handled effectively, category management can help businesses unlock significant competitive advantages, from cost savings to a more adaptive supply chain operation. And as time goes on and businesses adapt to changing market conditions, a robust category management strategy allows leaders to monitor and continuously improve performance, keeping their procurement processes agile and the business poised to achieve long-term success.
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Category Management FAQs
What do you mean by category management?
Category management is a strategic approach to procurement that involves grouping related products or services into specific categories. Each category is then managed as its own business unit. By taking a holistic view of spending within a category, businesses can identify opportunities to consolidate suppliers, negotiate better terms, and improve the customer experience, ultimately developing greater value and efficiency.
What are the five key principles of category management?
The five key principles of category management provide a comprehensive framework for driving value and performance. They are:
What are the 4 Ps of category management?
The 4 Ps of category management provide a framework for developing strategies to better manage inventory and supplies. The 4 Ps are: